一般 Linux 文字介面下常用的系統資源監控有
- Linux 預設最古老的系統資源監控程式 – top
- 最簡單的硬碟監測工具 – iostat
- 透過 mpstat 來看個別的 CPU 使用率與統計 –mpstat
- sar – CPU , Memory ,I/O (Disk, Network) 的資料都可透過這一支程式來統計
但這邊還有一隻我覺得也很不錯的工具 dstat 它提供更多元的設定方式來顯示要監控的 CPU , Memory ,I/O (Disk, Network) 資料.
root@ubuntu:~# dstat The program 'dstat' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install dstat
不過 Ubuntu 不是預設的套件,直接透過 apt-get 就找得到.
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install dstat Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: dstat 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded. Need to get 68.2 kB of archives. After this operation, 351 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe dstat all 0.7.2-3build1 [68.2 kB] Fetched 68.2 kB in 8s (8,076 B/s) Selecting previously unselected package dstat. (Reading database ... 195097 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../dstat_0.7.2-3build1_all.deb ... Unpacking dstat (0.7.2-3build1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up dstat (0.7.2-3build1) ...
安裝完之後就可以執行 dstat ,這也是最簡單的監控 CPU , Disk , Network , Memory , System 的統計資料.
root@ubuntu:~# dstat You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default. ----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system-- usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw 1 1 98 0 0 0| 123k 28k| 0 0 | 137B 760B| 68 147 1 1 99 0 0 0| 256k 0 | 720B 360B| 0 0 | 113 350
一般可以監控的裝置,簡稱 cdngy paramater 他們實際代表如下:
- c : cpu stats (total cpu usage)
- d : disk stats (disk/total)
- n : network stats (net/total)
- g : page stats (paging)
- y : system stats (system)
但以上的參數會顯示系統所有的統計資料,如 CPU 會顯示所有 CPU 的統計資料,不過我們還是可以透過參數指定個別 CPU 的統計資料.
dstat -c -C 0,1 <- 顯示 CPU 0 , CPU 1 的個別資料
root@ubuntu:~# dstat -c -C 0,1 ——-cpu0-usage————–cpu1-usage—— usr sys idl wai hiq siq:usr sys idl wai hiq siq 1 1 98 0 0 0: 1 1 98 0 0 0 2 5 92 0 0 1: 16 68 10 5 0 0 6 5 88 0 0 0: 16 44 16 20 0 3
dstat -d -D sda <- 顯示 sda 的個別資料
root@ubuntu:~# dstat -d -D sda –dsk/sda– read writ 83k 20k 0 0 0 0
dstat -n -N eth0,eth1 <- 顯示 eth0, eth1 的個別資料
root@ubuntu:~# dstat -n -N eth0,eth1 –net/eth0—-net/eth1- recv send: recv send 0 0 : 0 0 120B 120B: 0 0 0 0 : 0 0
dstat -n -N eth0,eth1 –output /tmp/output.csv <- 顯示 eth0, eth1 的個別資料,並將結果儲存到文字檔.
root@ubuntu:~# dstat -n -N eth0,eth1 –output /tmp/output.csv –net/eth0—-net/eth1- recv send: recv send 0 0 : 0 0 180B 180B: 0 0 120B 120B: 0 0 120B 120B: 0 0 275B 215B: 0 0 ^C
同時會產生 /tmp/output.csv 檔案,內容和剛剛顯示類似.
root@ubuntu:~# cat /tmp/output.csv "Dstat 0.7.2 CSV output" "Author:","Dag Wieers <dag@wieers.com>",,,,"URL:","http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dstat/" "Host:","ubuntu",,,,"User:","root" "Cmdline:","dstat -n -N eth0,eth1 --output /tmp/output.csv",,,,"Date:","12 Jan 2015 00:43:13 PST" "net/eth0",,"net/eth1", "recv","send","recv","send" 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0 180.0,180.0,0.0,0.0 120.0,120.0,0.0,0.0 120.0,120.0,0.0,0.0 275.0,215.0,0.0,0.0
dstat 的參數不只有這些,我們可以透過 #man dstat 或是 http://linux.die.net/man/1/dstat 來查詢.